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1 discourse on the nature of man
Общая лексика: трактат о природе человекаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > discourse on the nature of man
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2 nature
1. n природа; мир, вселеннаяin nature — на свете, во всей вселенной
2. n природное, первобытное состояниеa return to nature — возвращение в первобытное состояние;
3. n сущность, основное свойство; свойства, характерnature of soil — характер грунта; состояние почвы
4. n род, сорт; класс, типof the nature of — что-то вроде; нечто похожее на
5. n натура, характер, нравill nature — злобность, плохой характер
human nature — человеческая природа, человеческие слабости
by nature — по природе, от рождения
6. n человеческая душа; человекa student of nature — человек, изучающий природу
7. n естество; организм; жизненные силыagainst nature — противоестественный; аморальный
to ease nature — «облегчиться», оправиться
to control nature — сдерживать инстинкты; владеть собой
8. n иск. естественность, жизненность, правдоподобие9. n иск. сила; живица, камедьall nature — все, очень много народа;
in the course of nature — естественно; при нормальном ходе событий; в своё время
to let nature take its course — не вмешиваться в ход событий; предоставить делу идти своим чередом
in the nature of things — в силу природы вещей; естественно; неизбежно
Синонимический ряд:1. being (noun) being; essence; essentia; essentiality; pith; quintessence; texture2. character (noun) attributes; character; characteristics; complexion; constitution; disposition; humor; individualism; individuality; kind; makeup; make-up; personality; qualifications; temper; temperament3. environment (noun) environment; landscape; natural setting; out-of-doors; outside world; rural setting; scenery; seascape; view4. humour (noun) disposition; humour; temper; temperament5. outdoors (noun) outdoors; wild; wilderness6. physics (noun) cosmic process; fission; kinetic energy; natural law; natural order; physical energy; physics; potential energy; underlying cause; water power7. type (noun) breed; cast; caste; class; cut; description; feather; ilk; kidney; lot; manner; mold; mould; order; persuasion; sort; species; stamp; stripe; type; variety; way8. universe (noun) biosphere; cosmos; creation; earth; kosmos; macrocosm; macrocosmos; megacosm; universe; worldАнтонимический ряд:being; creature; fiction; invention; man; monstrosity; object; romance; subject -
3 nature
характер; природа -
4 nature
природа; свойства; природное состояние; характеристики; характерa return to nature — возвращение в первобытное состояние;
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5 discourse
1. [ʹdıskɔ:s] n1. книжн.1) лекция, речь, слово2) трактат, рассуждение2. книжн. разговор, беседаto hold discourse with smb. - беседовать /вести беседу/ с кем-л.
3. лингв.1) дискурс, сверхфразовые единства2) высказывание2. [dısʹkɔ:s] v книжн.1. 1) ораторствовать, произносить речиto discourse upon /of/ smth. - рассуждать о чём-л.
2) писать трактат (о чём-л.)2. разговаривать, вести беседу -
6 discourse
1. n книжн. лекция, речь, слово2. n книжн. трактат, рассуждение3. n книжн. книжн. разговор, беседа4. n лингв. дискурс, сверхфразовые единства5. n лингв. высказывание6. v книжн. ораторствовать, произносить речи7. v книжн. писать трактат8. v книжн. разговаривать, вести беседуСинонимический ряд:1. colloquy (noun) colloquy; conversation; discussion2. lecture (noun) lecture; oration; sermon3. memoir (noun) disquisition; dissertation; memoir; monograph; monography; study; thesis; tractate; treatise4. talk (noun) chat; dialogue; speaking; speech; talk; utterance; verbalisation; verbalization; voice5. act (verb) act; do; enact; impersonate; perform; personate; play; playact6. argue (verb) argue; confer; debate; discuss7. descant (verb) descant; dilate; dilate on; dilate upon; dissert; dissertate; expatiate; lecture; pontificate; sermonise; sermonize8. speak (verb) chat; converse; speak; talk; treat -
7 discourse
dɪsˈkɔ:s
1. сущ.
1) разговор Syn: conversation
2) рассуждение (письменное или устное) ;
доклад, лекция, речь direct discourse ≈ прямая речь indirect discourse ≈ косвенная речь Syn: speech
3) линг. дискурс
4) архаич. разумность, рациональность
2. гл.
1) ораторствовать;
рассуждать;
излагать в форме речи, лекции, проповеди (upon/on - о чем-л.) The minister discoursed upon the effectiveness of religious belief for over two hours. ≈ Министр два часа распространялся на тему пользы от веры. His latest book discourses upon the evils of violence. ≈ Его последняя книга посвящена тому, что насилие - зло.
2) разговаривать Syn: talk, converse( книжное) лекция, речь, слово - to deliver a * произнести речь (книжное) трактат, рассуждение - * on the nature of man трактат о природе человека (книжное) разговор, беседа - to hold * with smb. беседовать /вести беседу/ с кем-л. дискурс, сверхфразовые единства высказывание( книжное) ораторствовать, произносить речи - to * upon /of/ smth. рассуждать о чем-л. (книжное) писать трактат (о чем-л.) (книжное) разговаривать, вести беседу discourse ораторствовать;
рассуждать;
излагать в форме речи, лекции, проповеди ~ рассуждение (письменное или устное) ;
лекция, доклад, речьБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > discourse
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8 human nature
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9 Bibliography
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10 Cross, Charles Frederick
[br]b. 11 December 1855 Brentwood, Middlesex, Englandd. 15 April 1935 Hove, England[br]English chemist who contributed to the development of viscose rayon from cellulose.[br]Cross was educated at the universities of London, Zurich and Manchester. It was at Owens College, Manchester, that Cross first met E.J. Bevan and where these two first worked together on the nature of cellulose. After gaining some industrial experience, Cross joined Bevan to set up a partnership in London as analytical and consulting chemists, specializing in the chemistry and technology of cellulose and lignin. They were at the Jodrell laboratory, Kew Gardens, for a time and then set up their own laboratory at Station Avenue, Kew Gardens. In 1888, the first edition of their joint publication A Textbook of Paper-making, appeared. It went into several editions and became the standard reference and textbook on the subject. The long introductory chapter is a discourse on cellulose.In 1892, Cross, Bevan and Clayton Beadle took out their historic patent on the solution and regeneration of cellulose. The modern artificial-fibre industry stems from this patent. They made their discovery at New Court, Carey Street, London: wood-pulp (or another cheap form of cellulose) was dissolved in a mixture of carbon disulphide and aqueous alkali to produce sodium xanthate. After maturing, it was squirted through fine holes into dilute acid, which set the liquid to give spinnable fibres of "viscose". However, it was many years before the process became a commercial operation, partly because the use of a natural raw material such as wood involved variations in chemical content and each batch might react differently. At first it was thought that viscose might be suitable for incandescent lamp filaments, and C.H.Stearn, a collaborator with Cross, continued to investigate this possibility, but the sheen on the fibres suggested that viscose might be made into artificial silk. The original Viscose Spinning Syndicate was formed in 1894 and a place was rented at Erith in Kent. However, it was not until some skeins of artificial silk (a term to which Cross himself objected) were displayed in Paris that textile manufacturers began to take an interest in it. It was then that Courtaulds decided to investigate this new fibre, although it was not until 1904 that they bought the English patents and developed the first artificial silk that was later called "rayon". Cross was also concerned with the development of viscose films and of cellulose acetate, which became a rival to rayon in the form of "Celanese". He retained his interest in the paper industry and in publishing, in 1895 again collaborating with Bevan and publishing a book on Cellulose and other technical articles. He was a cultured man and a good musician. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1917.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1917.Bibliography1888, with E.J.Bevan, A Text-book of Papermaking. 1892, British patent no. 8,700 (cellulose).Further ReadingObituary Notices of the Royal Society, 1935, London. Obituary, 1935, Journal of the Chemical Society 1,337. Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, 1989, Cambridge.Edwin J.Beer, 1962–3, "The birth of viscose rayon", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 35 (an account of the problems of developing viscose rayon; Beer worked under Cross in the Kew laboratories).C.Singer (ed.), 1978, A History of Technology, Vol. VI, Oxford: Clarendon Press.RLHBiographical history of technology > Cross, Charles Frederick
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